I thought it would be easier than it was to find a tutorial on this. It is all pretty basic stuff but if you are new to any of this is can be a bit confusing.
For wiring the DS18B20, I referenced https://learn.adafruit.com/assets/3781 even though that is for a Pi, since it is clear what goes where and https://learn.adafruit.com/assets/46249 to help on the Feather side.
The end result looks like this
Then I just used this example https://github.com/adafruit/MAX31850_DallasTemp/blob/master/examples/Simple/Simple.pde and it worked! I know this doesn’t really do anything useful yet, but getting some sensor data is the first step.